Armenia is my homeland. It is a small country in the South Caucasus region of Eurasia. Armenia has a rich history and beautiful nature.

Geography

Armenia is a landlocked country. It is surrounded by Georgia to the north, Azerbaijan to the east, Iran to the south, and Turkey to the west. The capital city is Yerevan. Other important cities are Gyumri, Vanadzor, and Kapan. The country has mountains, rivers, and lakes. The highest point is Mount Aragats.

Population

Armenia has about 3 million people. Armenians are proud of their language, Armenian, and their culture.

Symbols

Armenia has many symbols. The national flag has three colors: red, blue, and orange. The national emblem shows an eagle and a lion. The national flower is the apricot blossom.

Cultural Heritage

Armenia has a very old culture. It was the first country in the world to adopt Christianity as a state religion in 301 AD. Armenia is famous for its churches, monasteries, music, dances, and traditional food.

Famous Armenians

Armenians have contributed a lot to the world. Some famous Armenians are:

• Hovhannes Shiraz – poet
• Sergei Parajanov – filmmaker
• Charles Aznavour – singer
• Tigran Petrosian – chess champion

My Love for Armenia

I love Armenia because of its mountains, rivers, and beautiful cities. I am proud of its history, culture, and people. I want to protect my homeland and share its beauty with the world.

(Vocabulary)

Վարժություն 1:

Լրացրու դատարկ տեղերը ճիշտ բառերով (Homeland, Armenia, Capital, Flag, Population):

1. My Homeland is Armenia.
2. The of Capital Armenia is Yerevan.
3. Armenia has about 3 million Population.
4. The national Flag has three colors: red, blue, and orange.
5. I love my Armenia because it has mountains and rivers.

Վարժություն 2: Իրականություն թե սխալ (True or False)

Նշիր, թե փաստերն իրական են (True) թե սխալ (False):

1. Armenia is a country in Europe. False
2. The capital of Armenia is Yerevan. True
3. The Armenian flag has four colors. False
4. Mount Aragats is the highest mountain in Armenia. True
5. Armenians do not have a national emblem. False

Վարժություն 3:(Questions – Answers)

Պատասխանի՛ր հարցերին՝ օգտագործելով բառապաշարը:

1. What is the capital of Armenia?
   The capital of Armenia is Yerevan.
2. How many people live in Armenia?
   3 million people live in Armenia.
3. Name a famous Armenian singer.
   The famous singer in Armenia is Charles Aznavour.
4. What is the national flower of Armenia?
   The national flower is the apricot blossom.
5. Which countries border Armenia?
   Armenia is surrounded by Georgia, Azerbaijan, Iran, and Turkey.

Վարժություն 4: Writing

Գրել և պատմել հայրենիքի մասին՝ օգտագործելով բառապաշարը:

Armenia is my homeland. Armenia is actually small, but its history is very big. Armenia had kings in ancient times and was very great. Armenia has had many great people throughout its history, poets: Hovhannes Shiraz, Hovhannes Tumanyan, etc., film directors: Parajanov, singers: Charles Aznavour. Armenia is my homeland.

Կարճ կանոն

Present Perfect = have / has + V3 (Past Participle)

Օրինակներ․

• I have eaten.
• She has finished.
• We have seen this movie.

Բայերի ցանկ (Past Participle ձևերով)

Have you ever…?”

• Have you ever eaten sushi?
• Have you ever seen a lion?
• Have you ever ridden a horse?
• Have you ever traveled by plane?
• Have you ever lost your phone?

Վարժություններ

Fill in the blanks (լրացրու բաց թողնված տեղերը)

Օգտագործիր have / has + past participle

1. I have eaten my lunch.
2. She has finished her homework.
3. We have watched this movie.
4. Tom has gone to school.
5. They have cleaned the room.
6. My sister has read this book.

Choose the correct answer

1. She (have / has) finished her homework.
2. We (have / has) seen this film.
3. Tom (have / has) eaten an apple.
4. They (have / has) gone to the park.
5. I (have / has) done my work.

Make sentences (կազմիր նախադասություններ)

Օրինակ՝
I / finish / homework → I have finished my homework.

1. She / clean / her room
   She has cleaned her room.
2. We / watch / the film
   We have watched the film.
3. They / eat / pizza
   They have eathing pizza.
4. He / write / a letter
   He has written a latter.
5. I / read / the book
   I have read the book.

Make negative sentences

Օրինակ՝
I have eaten → I have not eaten

1. She has finished her homework.
   She hasn’t finished her homework.
2. They have watched the film.
   They haven’t watched the film.
3. He has cleaned the room.
   He hasn’t cleaned the room.
4. We have read the story.
   We haven’t read the story.

Make questions

Օրինակ՝
You have finished → Have you finished?

1. She has eaten lunch.
   Has she eaten lunch?
2. They have watched the movie.
   Have they watched the movie?
3. Tom has done his homework.
   Has Tom done his homework?
4. You have read the book.
   Have you read the book?

Translate into English (թարգմանել)

1. Ես ավարտել եմ իմ տնային աշխատանքը։
   I have finished my homework.
2. Նա կարդացել է այս գիրքը։
   He has read this book.
3. Մենք դիտել ենք այդ ֆիլմը։
   We have watched that film.
4. Նրանք մաքրել են սենյակը։
   They have cleaned the room.
5. Նա գրել է նամակ։
   She has written a letter.

Speaking exercise (խոսակցական)

Պատասխանիր հարցերին Present Perfect-ով։

1. Have you eaten breakfast today?
2. Have you read an interesting book?
3. Have you watched a new movie?
4. Have you played football today?

Վարժություն 1. Բառերը լրացնել

Լրացրու բացակայող բառերը Present Perfect ձեւով (have/has + past participle):

1. I have finished (finish) my homework.
2. She has visited (visit) Paris twice.
3. They haven’t seen (not see) that movie yet.
4. We have eathen (eat) breakfast this morning.
5. He have written (write) three letters today.

Վարժություն 2. Դրական/բացասական փոխարինում

Փոխիր նախադասությունները բացասական ձեւի:

1. She has read the book. → She hesn’t read the book
2. They have finished their project. → They haven’t finished their project
3. I have met him before. → I haven’t met him before

Վարժություն 3. Հարցեր կազմել

Կազմիր հարցեր Present Perfect-ում՝ օգտագործելով տրված բառերը:

1. you / ever / be / to London
   Have you ever been to London?
2. he / finish / his homework
   Has he finished his homework?
3. they / see / this film
   Have they seen this film?

Վարժություն 4. Ճշմարիտ/կեղծ

Ստուգիր նախադասությունների ճիշտությունը. Եթե սխալ է՝ ուղղիր այն:

1. I have went to Italy last year.
   I have gone Italy last year.
2. She has never eaten sushi.
3. We has visited the museum.
   We have visited the museum.

Վարժություն 5. Բառերը վերափոխել

Տրված բացականչերը վերափոխիր Present Perfect ձեւի:

1. (read) → I have read that book.
2. (see) → She has seen that movie.
3. (do) → They have done their homework.

Վարժություն 1. Ընտրիր ճիշտ տարբերակը

1. I have read this book three times.
   a) read
   b) have read
   c) has read
2. She has lost her keys, so she can’t open the door.
   a) lost
   b) has lost
   c) lose
3. They have been to Spain several times.
   a) have been
   b) were
   c) has been
4. We haven’t seen that film yet.
   a) didn’t see
   b) haven’t seen
   c) hasn’t seen

Վարժություն 2. Լրացրու ճիշտ ձևով (Present Perfect)

1. I have never tryed (never / try) Japanese food.
2. She has already finished (already / finish) her homework.
3. They have just arrived (just / arrive) at the airport.
4. We have not decided (not / decide) what to do yet.
5. He has broken (break) his phone.

Վարժություն 3. Present Perfect թե Past Simple

Փակագծում տրված բայը գրիր ճիշտ ժամանակաձևով.

1. I saw (see) that movie yesterday.
2. She has seen (see) that movie three times.
3. We have finished (finish) our work already.
4. They finished (finish) their work an hour ago.
5. He has never visited (never / visit) France.

Վարժություն 4. Նախադասությունները վերափոխիր հարցի

1. She has finished the report.
   Has she finished the repost?
2. They have visited this museum.
   Have they visited this museum?
3. You have seen this movie.
   Have you seen this movie?

Վարժություն 5. Լրացրու for կամ since

1. I have lived here for five years.
2. She has known him since 2020.
3. They have studied English for a long time.
4. We have waited for two hours.

Present Perfect օգտագործվում է, երբ խոսում ենք՝

1. Նշել անցյալում պատահած փոփոխություններ կամ փորձեր, որոնց ազդեցությունը դեռ տեսանելի է ներկա պահին։
2. Խոսել անցյալում կատարած փորձերի կամ արարքների մասին, առանց հստակ նշելու երբ տեղի է ունեցել։

Օրինակներ.

• I have visited Paris. (Ես եղել եմ Փարիզում.) → Գիտեմ Փարիզը, փորձը դեռ նշանակություն ունի:
• She has read that book. (Նա կարդացել է այդ գիրքը.) → Գիտեմ, որ նա այն արդեն կարդացել է:

2. Կառուցվածքը

Affirmative (հաստատական)

Subject + have/has + past participle

• I/You/We/They have eaten.
• He/She/It has eaten.

Negative (բացասական)

Subject + have/has + not + past participle

• I have not (haven’t) seen that movie.
• She has not (hasn’t) finished her homework.

Question (հարցական)

Have/Has + subject + past participle?

• Have you ever tried sushi?
• Has he visited London?

Ահա մի կարևոր բառ – ever (երբևէ), երբ հարցնում ենք փորձի մասին, և never (երբեք), երբ ասում ենք, որ այդ փորձը չի եղել։

3. Սովորական Past Participle օրինակներ

Նախապատվությունը տվեք սովորական ամենաշատ օգտագործվող գործողություններին։

4. Օրինակներ

• I have visited Italy three times. (Ես եղել եմ Իտալիայում երեք անգամ.)
• She has never been to New York. (Նա երբեք չի եղել Նյու Յորքում.)
• Have you ever tried ice skating? (Դու երբևէ փորձե՞լ ես սահնակ քշել։)

Վարժություններ

A. Ավարտիր նախադասությունները օգտագործելով Present Perfect

1. I have seen (see) that movie.
2. She has naver been(never / be) to London.
3. They have eaten (eat) sushi before.
4. Have you ever have visited (visit) Paris?
5. We have written (write) three letters this week.

B. Փոխիր նախադասությունները բացասականի

1. I have seen that play. → I haven’t seen that play.
2. He has visited Spain. → He hasn’t visited Spain.
3. They have tried this food. → They haven’t tried ihis food.

C. Հարցեր կազմիր

1. (you / try / skydiving) → Have you tried skydiving?
2. (she / read / Harry Potter) → Has she read Harry Potter?
3. (they / ever / go / Japan) → Have they ever gone to Japan?

D. Ընտրիր ճիշտ ձևը

1. I (have / has) been to the museum.
2. She (have / has) never eaten sushi.
3. (Have / Has) you ever visited London?

Վարժություններ – լրացուցիչ

E. Ընտրիր ճիշտ բառը (ever / never / already / yet)

1. Have you ever visited London?
2. I have never eaten sushi.
3. She hasn’t finished her homework yet.
4. We have already seen that movie.
5. He has never been to Italy.

F. Դարցիր նախադասությունները ճիշտ հերթականությամբ

Օգտագործելով Present Perfect ձևը՝ ստացիր լրիվ նախադասություն:

1. (I / see / that film)
   I have seen that film.
2. (They / never / go / to Paris)
   They have never gone to Paris.
3. (She / write / three emails)
   She has write three emails.
4. (Have / you / try / ice skating)
   Have you tried ice skating.
5. (He / already / finish / his project)
   He hes already finish his project.

G. Փոխիր հետևյալ նախադասությունները հարցի և բացասականի

1. I have visited New York.
2. She has read the book.
3. We have eaten breakfast.
4. They have gone to school.
5. He has done his homework.

H. Ապագայի ազդեցություն ներկա պահին

Լրացրու բաց թողնված տեղերը՝ օգտագործելով have/has + past participle. Հիշիր, որ պետք է ցույց տալ փորձը կամ փոփոխությունը ներկա պահին:

1. My brother __________ (break) his leg. Now he can’t play football.
2. I __________ (lose) my keys. I can’t find them.
3. She __________ (learn) English for two years.
4. They __________ (paint) the room. It looks beautiful now.
5. We __________ (meet) the new teacher.